This dignified dance, which used to start and end important ceremonies, balls, and now proms, owes its origin to a folk dance that appeared in Polish lands at the end of the 16th century. Over the years, the polonaise became danced by all social classes in our country and by the second half of the 17th century, it was named the Polish national dance. The polonaise is a dance with a moderate tempo in 3/4 time with a simple melody based on short phrases. The rhythm of this musical form is very characteristic, consisting of only eighths and two sixteenths. During the 18th century, the polonaise was part of the baroque suite. Johann Sebastian Bach included this dance in the French suite and the orchestral suite. In the classical era, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart and Ludwig van Beethoven added various rhythms to the polonaise, such as the Spanish bolero. Nevertheless, the most famous composer of polonaises is undoubtedly Fryderyk Chopin, who composed 10 polonaises. Interestingly, the form of the polonaise can be heard in well-known carols such as "Bóg się rodzi", "Dzisiaj w Betlejem", or "W żłobie leży", dating back to the 17th century.
BAROQUE
Johann Sebastian Bach Polonaise from Orchestral Suite No. 5 - Amsterdam Baroque Orchestra
Georg Philipp Telemann Polonaise from Suite in A minor - Sophie Gent & Stephen Freeman- violin, Margaret Little- viola, Amanda Keesmat, cello, Nicolas Lessard- double bass, Olivier Fortin- harpsichord
CLASSICISM
Ludwig van Beethoven Polonaise in C major - Edward Kilenyi