The piano is a keyboard string instrument that was created as a result of B. Cristofori's application of a hammer mechanism in the old clavichord (year 1711). The original name of the instrument in German is Hammerklavier. In the modern piano, steel strings are stretched crosswise on a metal frame, three for high and midrange sounds, and two for low sounds, and one for the lowest sounds. The low sound strings are additionally wrapped with spiral wire. The piano scale covers up to seven octaves from A2 to a4, and sometimes even to c5. The piano has two pedals - the right one is used to prolong the sound, and the left one is used for damping and changing the tone. Some pianos have a third (middle) pedal that allows holding the sound after releasing the key. In contemporary music, the concept of prepared piano appears - i.e. used in a way other than traditional, e.g. playing with sticks directly on the strings, inserting paper between the strings, etc.